The Ramsar Convention

The Ramsar Convention predates the Stockholm Conference, having been opened for signature in 1971. The convention, which became effective two years after Stockholm, had 130 parties as of December 2001. It was developed largely out of NGO-led activities in the 1960s concerned with bird life and habitat. While its main focus was initially the conservation of waterfowl and their habitats, it now also deals with water quality, food production, general biodiversity and all wetland areas, including saltwater coasts. Parties are obliged to list at least one wetlands site of importance, establish nature reserves, make wise use of those sites, encourage the increase of waterfowl populations on appropriate wetlands, and supply information on implementation of policies related to the sites. More than 1 100 areas, covering 87.7 million ha, are currently designated Ramsar sites, enhancing wildlife conservation in different regions.

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